電腦監控：使用Django構建全功能Web應用

显示全部楼层 · 2023-12-22 00:46:06

在當今數字化時代，電腦監控成為一種重要的工具，用於維護網路安全和監測員工活動。本文將介紹如何使用Django框架構建一個全功能的Web應用，用於實現電腦監控系統。

項目設置首先，我們需要創建一個Django項目。以下是項目的基本設置代碼：

<pre><div class="bg-black rounded-md"><div class="flex items-center relative text-gray-200 bg-gray-800 dark:bg-token-surface-primary px-4 py-2 text-xs font-sans justify-between rounded-t-md">python</div></div></pre><pre><div class="bg-black rounded-md"><div class="p-4 overflow-y-auto"><code class="!whitespace-pre hljs language-python"><span class="hljs-comment"># settings.py</span>
INSTALLED_APPS = [
<span class="hljs-comment"># ...</span>
<span class="hljs-string">'monitoring_app'</span>,
]
<span class="hljs-comment"># ...</span></code></div></div></pre>

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創建監控應用在項目中創建一個名為monitoring_app的應用，並定義相關模型、視圖和模板。以下是一個簡單的模型示例：

<pre><div class="bg-black rounded-md"><div class="flex items-center relative text-gray-200 bg-gray-800 dark:bg-token-surface-primary px-4 py-2 text-xs font-sans justify-between rounded-t-md">python</div></div></pre><pre><div class="bg-black rounded-md"><div class="p-4 overflow-y-auto"><code class="!whitespace-pre hljs language-python"><span class="hljs-comment"># models.py</span>
<span class="hljs-keyword">from</span> django.db <span class="hljs-keyword">import</span> models
<span class="hljs-keyword">class</span> <span class="hljs-title class_">ScreenActivity</span>(models.Model):
timestamp = models.DateTimeField(auto_now_add=<span class="hljs-literal">True</span>)
user = models.CharField(max_length=<span class="hljs-number">50</span>)
activity = models.TextField()</code></div></div></pre>

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視圖和模板編寫視圖和模板文件，用於顯示監控數據。以下是一個簡單的視圖函數：

<pre><div class="bg-black rounded-md"><div class="flex items-center relative text-gray-200 bg-gray-800 dark:bg-token-surface-primary px-4 py-2 text-xs font-sans justify-between rounded-t-md">python</div></div></pre><pre><div class="bg-black rounded-md"><div class="p-4 overflow-y-auto"><code class="!whitespace-pre hljs language-python"><span class="hljs-comment"># views.py</span>
<span class="hljs-keyword">from</span> django.shortcuts <span class="hljs-keyword">import</span> render
<span class="hljs-keyword">from</span> .models <span class="hljs-keyword">import</span> ScreenActivity
<span class="hljs-keyword">def</span> <span class="hljs-title function_">monitor_view</span>(<span class="hljs-params">request</span>):
activities = ScreenActivity.objects.<span class="hljs-built_in">all</span>()
<span class="hljs-keyword">return</span> render(request, <span class="hljs-string">'https://www.os-monitor.com/big5/'</span>, {<span class="hljs-string">'activities'</span>: activities})
</code></div></div></pre><p>模板文件 monitor.html：</p><pre><div class="bg-black rounded-md"><div class="flex items-center relative text-gray-200 bg-gray-800 dark:bg-token-surface-primary px-4 py-2 text-xs font-sans justify-between rounded-t-md">html</div></div></pre><pre><div class="bg-black rounded-md"><div class="p-4 overflow-y-auto"><code class="!whitespace-pre hljs language-html"><span class="hljs-comment"></span>
{% for activity in activities %}
<span class="hljs-tag"><<span class="hljs-name">p</span>></span>{{ activity.user }} - {{ activity.activity }} - {{ activity.timestamp }}<span class="hljs-tag"></<span class="hljs-name">p</span>></span>
{% endfor %}</code></div></div></pre>

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數據自動提交要實現監控數據的自動提交，我們可以使用Django的信號和定時任務。以下是一個簡單的定時任務例子：

<pre><div class="bg-black rounded-md"><div class="flex items-center relative text-gray-200 bg-gray-800 dark:bg-token-surface-primary px-4 py-2 text-xs font-sans justify-between rounded-t-md">python</div></div></pre><pre><div class="bg-black rounded-md"><div class="p-4 overflow-y-auto"><code class="!whitespace-pre hljs language-python"><span class="hljs-comment"># tasks.py</span>
<span class="hljs-keyword">from</span> django_celery_beat.models <span class="hljs-keyword">import</span> PeriodicTask, IntervalSchedule
<span class="hljs-keyword">from</span> celery <span class="hljs-keyword">import</span> shared_task
<span class="hljs-keyword">from</span> .models <span class="hljs-keyword">import</span> ScreenActivity
<span class="hljs-meta">@shared_task</span>
<span class="hljs-keyword">def</span> <span class="hljs-title function_">monitor_task</span>():
<span class="hljs-comment"># 獲取監控數據的邏輯</span>
activity_data = get_activity_data()
<span class="hljs-comment"># 將數據存入數據庫</span>
ScreenActivity.objects.create(**activity_data)</code></div></div></pre>

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配置定時任務在 settings.py 中配置定時任務：

<pre><div class="bg-black rounded-md"><div class="flex items-center relative text-gray-200 bg-gray-800 dark:bg-token-surface-primary px-4 py-2 text-xs font-sans justify-between rounded-t-md">python</div></div></pre><pre><div class="bg-black rounded-md"><div class="p-4 overflow-y-auto"><code class="!whitespace-pre hljs language-python"><span class="hljs-comment"># settings.py</span>
CELERY_BEAT_SCHEDULE = {
<span class="hljs-string">'monitor-task'</span>: {
<span class="hljs-string">'task'</span>: <span class="hljs-string">'monitoring_app.tasks.monitor_task'</span>,
<span class="hljs-string">'schedule'</span>: <span class="hljs-number">300</span>, <span class="hljs-comment"># 每300秒執行一次</span>
},
}</code></div></div></pre>

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通過使用Django框架，我們成功地構建了一個電腦監控系統。監控到的數據會自動提交到網站數據庫，並通過Web應用展示給用戶。這樣的系統不僅有助於網路安全管理，還能提高對員工活動的監測效率。對於任何公司來說，這都是一個強大而實用的工具，有助於維護網路的穩定性和安全性。